Politburo

In this article, we will explore the topic of Politburo in detail, analyzing its importance, evolution and relevance in today's society. From its origins to its current situation, we will address different aspects that contextualize the relevance of Politburo today. Through a holistic analysis, we will review the different approaches and perspectives surrounding Politburo, as well as its impact on various areas of daily life. Likewise, we will examine the implications of Politburo in contemporary society, considering its influence on aspects such as culture, economy, politics and technology. Through this article, we seek to provide a comprehensive and updated vision of Politburo, in order to generate greater understanding and reflection on its impact on our environment.
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The Soviet Politburo passes a resolution to execute 346 "enemies of the CPSU and the Soviet Government" who led "counter-revolutionary, pro-Trotskyist, plotting and spying activities", signed by secretary Stalin, 17 January 1940

A politburo (/ˈpɒlɪtbjʊəroʊ/ ⓘ) or political bureau is the highest political organ of the central committee in communist parties.[citation needed] It is present in most former and existing communist states.

Names

The term politburo in English comes from the Russian politbyuro (политбюро), itself an abbreviation of politicheskoye byuro (политическое бюро 'political bureau'). The Spanish term Politburó is directly loaned from Russian, as is the German Politbüro. Chinese uses a calque (Chinese: 政治局; pinyin: Zhèngzhìjú), from which the Vietnamese (Bộ Chính trị 部政治), and Korean (정치국, 政治局 Jeongchiguk) terms derive.

History

The first politburo was created in Russia by the Bolshevik Party in 1917 during the Russian Revolution that occurred during that year. The first Politburo had seven members: Vladimir Lenin, Grigory Zinoviev, Lev Kamenev, Leon Trotsky, Joseph Stalin, Grigori Sokolnikov, and Andrei Bubnov.

During the 20th century, politburos were established in most Communist states. They included the politburos of the USSR, East Germany, Afghanistan, and Czechoslovakia. Today, there are five countries that have a politburo system: China, North Korea, Laos, Vietnam, and Cuba.

Marxist–Leninist states

In Marxist–Leninist states, the communist party claims to be the vanguard of the people, therefore the legitimate body to lead the state. The party selects officials to serve in its politburo, which decides party policy. As a one-party state, party policy invariably becomes national policy.

Each Party Congress elects a Central Committee which, in turn, elects the members of the politburo, secretariat, and a general secretary. This process is termed democratic centralism. In theory, the politburo is answerable to the Central Committee, however in practice all the authority lies with the politburo.

Trotskyist parties

In Trotskyist parties, the Politburo is a bureau of the Central Committee tasked with making day-to-day political decisions, which must later be ratified by the Central Committee. Its members are chosen by the Central Committee, who appoints it. The post of General Secretary carries far less weight in this model. See, for example, the Lanka Sama Samaja Party.

See also

References

  1. ^ "USSR: Communist Party: Politburo". Archontology.org. Archived from the original on 5 January 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2014.
  2. ^ "Politburo (Soviet political body) – Encyclopædia Britannica". Britannica.com. 24 April 2013. Retrieved 16 June 2014.
  3. ^ Dmitri Volkogonov, Lenin. A New Biography, translated and edited by Harold Shukman (New York: The Free Press, 1994), p. 185.
  4. ^ "A List of Current Communist Countries". Geography.about.com. 29 May 2014. Archived from the original on 16 December 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2014.

External links

Look up politburo in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

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